The important part of solar system--solar charge controller

The components of off-grid inverter are solar panel, controller, inverter, battery. The power inverter can be used for car, RV, jeep wrangler, solar system and so on. As an important part of the solar system, how to choose controller? It includes PWM solar controller with inverter and MPPT solar controller with inverter.

PWM controller is a digital analog circuit, is connected between the solar array and the panel switch, as the battery is gradually full, PWM controller will gradually reduce the supply of power to the battery, can greatly reduce the cost and power consumption of the system. The controller supports panel specific conditions and charging requirements, in addition to helping to reduce battery cycle and extend battery life so that the battery can be fully charged.

The MPPT controller is a more sophisticated DCDC (DC/DC) converter that adjusts the input voltage of the battery bank to maximize the power obtained from the solar panel. These controllers convert the high-voltage output of the solar panels into the low voltage needed for a full charge to optimize the connection between the photovoltaic (PV) array and the battery pack. In systems using MPPT technology, the photovoltaic panels generate electricity to meet the voltage requirements of the external load while simultaneously charging the battery. It can monitor the power generation voltage of the solar panel in real time, and track the highest voltage current value, so that the system can charge the battery with the maximum power output.

Both PWM and MPPT controllers have advantages and disadvantages. We should focus on the following factors when choosing:

1) Price: MPPT controller is more expensive than PWM controller, but MPPT controller has higher charging efficiency, especially in cold climate conditions. The MPPT controller also allows more photovoltaic (PV) panels to be wired in series (high voltage differential), which is another big advantage. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the connecting cable can be greatly reduced, resulting in a corresponding reduction in the overall system cost.

2) Efficiency: Compared with MPPT controller, the biggest disadvantage of PWM controller is its efficiency. PWM charging controller cannot charge the maximum power generated by photovoltaic (PV) array, and its overall efficiency is usually between 65-85%. On the other hand, MPPT controller ensures that the solar array is always in the best running state. In some cases, such as when the weather is cold, the MPPT mode provides charging efficiency 30% higher than the PWM mode (high charging efficiency).

3) Application range: PWM mode technology is mature, the circuit is simple and reliable, the price is cheap, but the component utilization rate is low, suitable for small system, the temperature range of solar charging unit is 45-75℃. MPPT controllers are a better choice for large systems, and their higher efficiency means good economics. In addition, the MPPT controller enables the user to obtain the maximum power from the photovoltaic (PV) array, which is an obvious advantage when there is additional power demand and limited space to expand the size of the PV array.

About the choice of controller. Low power systems are suitable for using PWM controller, which can save costs. MPPT controller is suitable for high power system, and the components are more efficient. In addition, we should fully consider the installation environment, use environment, cost and other conditions. Welcome to carspa for details.

The components of off-grid inverter are solar panel, controller, inverter, battery. The power inverter can be used for car, RV, jeep wrangler, solar system and so on. As an important part of the solar system, how to choose controller? It includes PWM solar controller with inverter and MPPT solar controller with inverter.

PWM controller is a digital analog circuit, is connected between the solar array and the panel switch, as the battery is gradually full, PWM controller will gradually reduce the supply of power to the battery, can greatly reduce the cost and power consumption of the system. The controller supports panel specific conditions and charging requirements, in addition to helping to reduce battery cycle and extend battery life so that the battery can be fully charged.

The MPPT controller is a more sophisticated DC-DC (DC/DC) converter that adjusts the input voltage of the battery bank to maximize the power obtained from the solar panel. These controllers convert the high-voltage output of the solar panels into the low voltage needed for a full charge to optimize the connection between the photovoltaic (PV) array and the battery pack. In systems using MPPT technology, the photovoltaic panels generate electricity to meet the voltage requirements of the external load while simultaneously charging the battery. It can monitor the power generation voltage of the solar panel in real time, and track the highest voltage current value, so that the system can charge the battery with the maximum power output.

Both PWM and MPPT controllers have advantages and disadvantages. We should focus on the following factors when choosing:

1) Price: MPPT controller is more expensive than PWM controller, but MPPT controller has higher charging efficiency, especially in cold climate conditions. The MPPT controller also allows more photovoltaic (PV) panels to be wired in series (high voltage differential), which is another big advantage. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the connecting cable can be greatly reduced, resulting in a corresponding reduction in the overall system cost.

2) Efficiency: Compared with MPPT controller, the biggest disadvantage of PWM controller is its efficiency. PWM charging controller cannot charge the maximum power generated by photovoltaic (PV) array, and its overall efficiency is usually between 65-85%. On the other hand, MPPT controller ensures that the solar array is always in the best running state. In some cases, such as when the weather is cold, the MPPT mode provides charging efficiency 30% higher than the PWM mode (high charging efficiency).

3) Application range: PWM mode technology is mature, the circuit is simple and reliable, the price is cheap, but the component utilization rate is low, suitable for small system, the temperature range of solar charging unit is 45-75℃. MPPT controllers are a better choice for large systems, and their higher efficiency means good economics. In addition, the MPPT controller enables the user to obtain the maximum power from the photovoltaic (PV) array, which is an obvious advantage when there is additional power demand and limited space to expand the size of the PV array.

About the choice of controller. Low power systems are suitable for using PWM controller, which can save costs. MPPT controller is suitable for high power system, and the components are more efficient. In addition, we should fully consider the installation environment, use environment, cost and other conditions. Welcome to Casper for details.